Representations

Name: Mathijs
Student number: 12345678

Questions

  1. Midi formats store the notes of the different instruments in a song. Then a computer can synthesize those notes of the different instruments. Thus, a song stored in midi format is not an actual recording. In contrast, a song stored in MP3 format is an actual recording. A musical note can be represented with a waveform, this waveform is an analogue signal. The waveform needs to be digitised using a technique called sampling, meaning that the signal needs to be converted to a sequence of numbers representing the amplitude at different points in time. Then, the computer can recreate the original signal from the sampled values. Thus, the MP3-format will be of higher quality. Furthermore, the MP3-format compresses the information, meaning that some of the 0s and 1s that humans cannot perceive are thrown away. Consequently, the memory required to store the song is reduced, however, this comes at the cost of the quality of the audio.
  2. GIF formats and JPEG formats support 8-bit and 24-bit colouring respectively. Therefore, the memory required to store a GIF image is smaller compared to a JPEG format. This could be useful if you want to share the image online and the social media platform has a maximum image size. Additionally, another advantage of GIF formats is that it allows for videos of only a few images.
  3. Since JPEG supports a larger number of colours compared to GIF, it follows that the JPEG images are of higher quality compared to GIF.
  4. The GIF format uses compression by storing repeating patterns of pixels in the image. In the image of the German flag, the file stores the colours of the pixels in the first column and instructions for the continuation of the colour for each pixel across the row. In contrast, the image of the French flag stores the colours of the pixels in the first row, and instructions to continue the colour of a pixel down the column. Since the resolution of the image is 200x300, it follows that for the German flag only the colours of 200 pixels must be stored compared to 300 for the French flag. Therefore, the size of the GIF format of the German flag will be smaller compared to the French flag.
  5. If an image supports 8-bit colouring, then there are 2^8=256 possible colours. If an image supports 24-bit colouring, then there are 2^24=16777216 possible colours. In RGB, each of the three bytes represent the amount of red, green, and blue, respectively.
  6. Zooming in on an image does not increase the resolution, which is the number of pixels of the image. Thus, zooming in does not make the image clearer.
  7. Like a flipbook, a digital video consists of a rapid sequence of images each slightly different. Showing the images consecutively at a very high speed creates the illusion of motion.

References

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